Clanculus cruciatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Algarve to Mediterranean. Grazer and deposit feeder in infralittoral rocky areas. The species exists for circa 16My. Basionym: Trochus cruciatus.
On rocks in shallow water, Petit Paradis, eastern end of the cove, Anse de l’Arène, Cassis, Provence, S. France. 8-11mm.
 
Distinctive characteristics:
1: Basal cords smooth, whith interstitial areas are crossed by fine growth lines.
2: On the body, spiral sculpture is given by alignments of buttons; near the periphery of last whorl, a transition occurs between these rows and the smooth cords of basis.
3: Labial teeth more numerous and weaker than in corallinus.
4: The species does not show these big doubled columellar teeth, which are the very first distinctive feature of corallinus.
Synonyms: purpureus, rupestris… Many named variants.
Juvenile from 10m deep, Vignola bay, Marina di Davia, Corbara, NW. Corsica. 1,3mm.
Cl. corallinus (14-15) and Cl. cruciatus (16-17) in H. A. pilsbry: Manual of conchology, structural and systematic ser.1 vol.11, Philadelphia 1889, via BHL.
Monterosato reports two forms, “candida” and “rosea”, commonly found in the Gulf of Gabes, S. Tunisia.
Tentacles brown.
Shallow water, on rock, Pointe de la Vieille, northern shore of Saint-Mandrier Peninsula, Toulon area, Var, S. France. Original picture provided by F. André for iNaturalist – (CC BY-NC).
Northern coast of Maïre Island, near Cap Croisette, south of Marseille, Provence, S. France. Original picture provided by S. Le Bris for iNaturalist – (CC BY-NC).

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